宁波市1085名新生儿接种重组酵母乙型肝炎疫苗后低无应答率及影响因素分析

接种乙型肝炎(乙肝)疫苗是预防乙肝最有效的手段。然而研究发现．正常人接种乙肝疫苗后仍有5％~10％出现低无免疫应答。为了解宁波市新生儿接种乙肝疫苗后的免疫效果,对该市按0、1、6程序接种3针5 μg重组酵母乙肝疫苗的新生儿进行乙肝血清学检测。     

宁波市男性长途运输卡车司机艾滋病相关行为监测分析

目的 了解男性长途运输卡车司机艾滋病、性病相关危险行为随时间的变化趋势,为艾滋病性病流行提供早期预警.方法 (全国艾滋病性病综合监测指南及方案)行为监测有关内容和要求,采用一对一现场问卷调查方式.结果 该人群对艾滋病的传播途径有一定认识,但对艾滋病防治知识了解还不全面,缺乏正确的防病常识.结论 加强大众传媒对艾滋病防治知识宣传,推广使用安全套是快速有效预防艾滋病的方法.     

Characterization of Th1- and Th2-type immune response in human multidrug-resistant tuberculosis

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has become a lethal global threat. Insights into the immune regulation of MDR-TB are urgently needed for the development of new treatments; however, the T cell response to an MDR-TB infection in human remains unclear. In the present study, the proportion of Th1 and Th2 cell subsets and the level of related T cell subset cytokines in peripheral blood were investigated. We detected that an MDR-TB infection resulted in suppressed Th1 and Th2 cell activation, which was more remarkable in patients with MDR-TB than that in drug-sensitive tuberculosis (DS-TB) sufferers when compared to healthy controls (HCs). In addition, MDR-TB infection down-regulated the expression of IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-10, and up-regulated IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α expression. Our data suggest that the disturbance between protective and pathogenic effects induced by the immunosuppression of Th1- and Th2-type responses is a substantial characteristic of MDR-TB infections.     

浙江省蚊虫及蚊媒传染病综合监测研究

目的通过整合蚊虫及蚊媒传染病监测方案及实施,分析综合监测的可行性,探索病媒生物及相关疾病综合监测模式。方法选择2个病媒生物监测点进行调查研究,整合蚊虫及蚊媒传染病监测方案,协调机构和人员在市及县两个层面上开展综合监测,成蚊综合监测采用诱蚊灯法,监测时间为6-10月。结果在浙江省疾病预防控制中心（CDC）成立执行办公室,综合协调开展工作,宁波市单独完成蚊类密度、季节消长和蚊媒传染病综合监测,建德市完成蚊类密度、季节消长和蚊媒传染病综合监测的现场调查工作,实验室标本检测由浙江省CDC完成,对机构协调、人员数量要求较高。2009年宁波市报告疟疾48例,发病率为0.73/10万;登革热1例,发病率为0.02/10万;流行性乙型脑炎（乙脑）18例,发病率为0.28/10万,死亡1例,病死率为5.56%。建德市无疟疾、登革热及乙脑病例报告。宁波市共捕获蚊类22108只,密度为9.60只/h;建德市共捕获蚊类945只,密度为4.92只/h。宁波市以三带喙库蚊为主,占90%以上,其次为淡色库蚊,白纹伊蚊仅占0.14%;建德市则以淡色库蚊为主,其次为中华按蚊,未捕到白纹伊蚊。宁波市检测三带喙库蚊1973只,乙脑病毒荧光PCR检测有2组阳性,最小阳性率为0.10%。检测建德市库蚊225只,采用巢式PCR检测黄病毒,结果均为阴性。结论蚊虫及蚊媒传染病综合监测是可行的。建议加强蚊虫及其传播疾病的综合监测、预警、控制对策和措施的研究工作。